The Increasing interest in hydropower development in the Mekong Basin
Although the idea of using the Mekong river system for electricity generation has existed for decades, since 2007, there has been an upsurge in interest in the potential for hydropower development in the lower part of the basin. Many new proposals to develop hydropower schemes are being advanced by Mekong governments and the private sector, both on the tributaries; and on the Lao, Lao-Thai and Cambodian reaches of the Mekong mainstream. Click here to see a map of proposed and completed hydropower dams on the Mekong-Lancing
There are several factors driving the increased interest in the potential for hydropower on the Mekong. The rapid pace of export-led growth comes on top of efforts to improve and expand electricity access in urban centres and rural areas. Though demand growth has moderated recently, this has made longer-term power demand growth trend among the highest in the world.
Volatility in the international price of oil and gas and concerns over climate change have all intensified the focus on hydropower. The region as a whole imports about 22% of the energy for electricity generation (e.g. oil, coal and gas).
Mekong governments see the potential earnings from electricity export as a means for reducing poverty, lowing national debt burdens and improving cash-flow, as well as achieving regional economic integration and energy security.
At the same time, concerns about impacts of proposed new developments, and the operation of existing hydropower, on the environment, fisheries and people's livelihoods have come to the forefront. The need to develop coordinated and integrated impact assessments, consistent and fair mitigation measures, and hydropower development strategies and policies is becoming increasingly apparent to the governments, stakeholders and community members of the Lower Mekong Basin – and central to the 1995 Agreement.
Save the Mekong's petition on proposed mainstream hydropower dams sent to MRC Council Members
MRC's response to the petition
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